On from the dramatical beginnings at the Paris Conference, a virtual return to the casus belli 1914–1918 was brought into being. In this essay this hypothesis is being approached from the contemporary's literary point of view.

Vorveröffentlichung De Bourgraafs Artikel. Horrorszenario eines „zweiten Weimars“? Wenn ja, klingt die Vokabel so vermessen wie „Europa“, wenn die Europäische Union gemeint wird. Die These wäre, dass sich seit dreißig Jahren ein „zweites Versailles“ anbahnt.

28 June 1919, the fifth anniversary of the Austrian archduke's violent death in Sarajevo, the second half of the afternoon in Versailles, France. It is rightfully known to many, in which contemporaries cannot be distinguished from later generations, that Germany's summoned delegation consisting of two men was guided to enter the Hall of Mirrors in...

Als sich am 15. September 1923 die Berliner Regierung zur belgisch-französischen Rheinlandbesetzung äußerte, standen Truppen aus 🇧🇪s und Frankreichs Kolonien seit acht Monaten an der Ruhr. Ihr drohte der Verlust des industriellen Herzes. Ein Abbruch des passiven Widerstandes könne bei der in Bayern, insbesondere in München, herrschenden Stimmung...

In Osteuropa wird der postsowjetische, Vierteljahrhundert alte Ost-West-Konflikt mit Waffengewalt ausgetragen. Scholarly and non-academic authors are brought together in a bilingual survey that lives up to our mission: the memory culture and historiography of the seminal catastrophe of the twentieth century.

A remote detail? While the British and the Empire took the Entente and would-be League in their Winter-1919 endeavour in Paris to put themselves altogether on moral high ground, the facts on the ground in both Asia and Africa told a different story. Here's the case of Afghanistan 1923.

Postcolonial? Decolonised? Both Australia and the United States are missing out on essential components of the debate. Read our comment to Clinton Fernandes's analysis of an originally British imperialism. A hundred years after David Lloyd George's invention, these three states founded AUKUS Dreibund.