With war veteran Paul von Hindenburg in his first months as President of the Weimar Republic, another Western treaty on this successor state of the Hohenzollern Empire was worked out in Locarno, Switzerland. At the end of 1923, the new Germany's years of catastrophe prompted incumbents in Paris, London and Berlin to get together to normalize the...

Apart from a few exceptions such as Ireland, it may be argued that, since January 1919, the West or Atlantic Europe has time and again overplayed its hand. For many years, the red lines of both Germany, in 1919 and thereafter, and Russia, in the 1990s and after, were ignored.(1) A pattern emerges from the West's post-war approaches of the...

Im Gegensatz zu den Niederlanden, die im Mai 1940 von der deutschen Armee überfallen und besetzt wurden, zog Schweden aus seiner Neutralität einen überaus nachhaltigen Nutzen. Diese durchaus ergiebige Position wurde bis ins nächste Jahrhundert beibehalten. In der globalen Geschichtsschreibung wurde Schwedens bündnisfreie Außenpolitik nie ernsthaft...

Im Jahr 2023 liefen bei der Aufa100 Planungen, einen Beitrag zu den neuesten Entwicklungen der Weimar/Russia debate zu leisten. In diesen nunmehr dreißigjährigen Diskurs schaltete sich der niederländische Aufa100–Gründervater, damals ein frisch graduierter Historiker, von Anfang an ein. Anlässlich des hundertsten Todestages Friedrich Eberts, am 28....

In 1915, if a world war had not broken out, the centenary of the Battle of Waterloo (1815) would have certainly been organised. Imagine the following situation when it had been. None of the other combatant nations sides with the British party as the event's organiser close to Belgium's capital. As a matter of fact, in the recent case of...

According to its mission statement, Aufa100 focuses on the history and memory of the final stages of World War One as well as the (first) post-war order. The warlike events of our own time, however, cause us to return to the war's fore-end.